Nutritional rules for gastritis.

Gastritis is considered a common disease that affects both adults and children.Treatment of inflammation of the gastric mucosa should be comprehensive: include medications recommended by the doctor, physiotherapy and a healthy lifestyle.The main role in the treatment of pathology is played by dietary nutrition: a diet for gastritis can soften unpleasant symptoms and prevent further deterioration of the patient's condition.

Nutrition for gastritis: basic principles.

The diet is a special diet..It includes foods, dishes and drinks that protect the gastric mucosa and are capable of adjusting the intensity of gastric juice secretion.

When gastritis has not yet given rise to pathologies of the stomach wall and manifests itself with a low degree of intensity, a balanced diet is sufficient to overcome the disease.

Diets for gastritis are not just a list of allowed and prohibited foods.

This is a special approach to nutrition, which involves compliance with important principles:

• Food restriction in the first two days of the acute stage of the disease.Some doctors recommend completely abstaining from food in the first hours of an exacerbation and scheduling a fasting day.Cold, weak tea and still mineral water are allowed.This approach will allow the stomach to "rest" from digesting food and restore its functionality.
• Starting on the second day of exacerbation, the diet includes liquid oatmeal, gelatin, low-fat mashed potatoes with water, and soft-boiled eggs.
• You should eat fractionally, in small portions throughout the day.The optimal regimen is 5 to 6 meals every 3 to 4 hours.It is not allowed to increase the number of “approaches” and take long breaks between them.You should also not eat at night;your last meal should be 3 hours before bedtime.
• Liquids (tea, juices, water) should be drunk at least half an hour after eating.Water reduces the concentration of gastric juices, thus complicating digestion.You are allowed to drink a glass of still water before meals.
• If possible, eat foods without salt and try to cook them without salt.
• Single-component dishes for gastritis are preferable, in which several products are not mixed at once.Food should be simple and healthy so that the stomach does not become overloaded.
• While eating, you should chew each bite and each spoon well;The food will already be pre-processed in the oral cavity and it will be easier for the stomach to cope with digestion.
• The consumption of dry foods and snacks when traveling or in a hurry is strictly prohibited.
• In acute conditions, the ban applies to all raw vegetables and fruits.
• The temperature of the food should be comfortable;Hot or cold foods irritate the stomach even more.
• It is best to prepare food for gastritis for a maximum of 2 days.If food is stored longer, its nutritional value will be lost and most of the beneficial vitamins will be destroyed.
• Prepared meals should only be stored in the refrigerator and reheated to a comfortable temperature before eating.
• For cooking, use only fresh products purchased from trusted outlets.Otherwise, food poisoning with severe poisoning can also be added to gastritis.
• Give preference to products without preservatives, colorings, harmful food additives or flavor enhancers.

Patients suffering from gastritis should not abandon physical activity.On the contrary, moderate exercise, swimming and yoga will help speed up food digestion.In addition, special attention should be paid to a healthy lifestyle: not smoking, not drinking alcoholic beverages and following a daily routine.

What can you eat if you have gastritis?

Any diet, even for inflammation of the stomach, must provide the body with a sufficient amount of nutrients and energy, be comprehensive and rational.

The acute illness diet has many restrictions, but the list of products is usually extensive.

porridge

They are considered the most useful product for patients with gastritis.Everyone, regardless of the form of the disease, should start the morning with porridge.They are rich in carbohydrates, provide the body with energy and microelements and, thanks to their fiber content, improve the functions of the stomach and intestines.

• Oatmeal in the form of flakes is dish number 1 on the list of foods allowed for gastritis.The liquid consistency of the porridge, cooked in water or milk, helps relieve stomach cramps and relieve inflammation.Oatmeal is consumed as a side dish or dessert, adding sugar, allowed fruits and nuts.
• Semolina - boils quickly and has a viscous consistency, promotes accelerated breakdown of carbohydrates, fats and proteins.
• Darling.Millet porridge is rough even after cooking, so it is best to take it in small quantities, and if you have hyperacid gastritis you should avoid it.
• Rice is a tender grain that, after cooking, forms a mucus that surrounds the walls of the stomach.Porridge made from mashed rice can be eaten during exacerbation of gastritis with high and low acidity.If the disease is accompanied by constipation, it is not advisable to eat rice.
• Barley porridge covers the gastric mucosa well.But it is necessary to prepare it correctly: boil it in water, waiting for the cereal to be completely boiled while maintaining the liquid consistency of the dish.
• Buckwheat is a panacea for high acidity.Buckwheat, cooked in the form of milk soup, is healthy;It is rich in protein and iron.
• Wheat porridge is allowed in the stage of remission of the disease, since hard grains are poorly digested and irritate the stomach.When cooking, the porridge is completely boiled and has a viscous consistency.

First courses for gastritis.

Soups included in the diet should be cooked in a mild broth.No bones, fatty meats or spices are used in cooking.The soup ingredients should be chopped very finely, ideally pureed.To thicken the dish, you can add fried wheat flour.Soups made from oatmeal and rice cereals, with the addition of vegetable oil, but not butter, are viscous.

What to eat as a first course for gastritis:

• Puree rice and milk soup with vegetable broth;
• Potato soup with carrot and olive oil;
• Slimy rice soup with lean meat and parsley;
• Chicken soup with carrots, potatoes and dill;
• Pumpkin puree soup with water or vegetable broth;
• Lean perch fish soup with parsley and carrot;
• Borscht with meat broth: beets are boiled and added to the dish after cooking.

Using your imagination and combining types of foods allowed for gastritis, you can prepare a variety of soups, tasty and healthy.

Fish and meat when gastritis.

Fish is considered the body's main provider of protein;In addition, its meat is digested quickly and does not overload the digestive system.Omega-3 unsaturated fatty acids restore damaged gastric epithelium and act as antioxidants.

The benefits of fish for gastritis depend on its fat content and the preparation method.Only low-fat varieties of fish are allowed to be eaten: haddock, hake, pike perch, navaga, sea lemon and flounder.The product should be consumed only after heat treatment, with the exception of frying.Fish can be steamed or cooked in a slow cooker, eaten boiled, or prepared into fish cutlets, meatballs, soufflés, and steamed fish soup.

Salted fish is prohibited for gastritis, but in the remission stage it is allowed to eat a small amount of herring exclusively at home.In this case, you will be able to control the amount of salt in the product yourself and not harm the stomach.

Meat is a heavy product and difficult for the body to digest.But dietary meat dishes in moderation will help restore the gastric mucosa thanks to the contribution of protein.Allowed types of meat include rabbit, turkey, chicken and beef.But on one condition: the product must be low in fat and not fried.It is best to boil or steam meat before eating;During the remission stage, you are allowed to eat baked meat products.It is preferable to grind the meat into minced meat, this way it is digested faster, and use it to make cutlets, meatballs, zraz, quenelles and meatballs.

Doctors advise not to mix meat with other foods, otherwise the stomach may not be able to handle the dish.

Vegetables

Consumption of raw vegetables is allowed only during the period of remission of the disease.At the same time, gastroenterologists advise keeping a food diary in which to write down the body's reaction to each type.Vegetables should not contain coarse fibers that irritate the walls of the stomach.It is necessary to boil or stew them.

What can you eat with gastritis?

• Orange and red vegetables: pumpkin, zucchini, carrots, yellow peppers, yellow tomatoes, beets and red potatoes;
• Green vegetables: Brussels sprouts, asparagus, bell peppers, peas and spring onions;
• White and purple: eggplant, cauliflower, parsnips and potatoes.

Green vegetables should be limited for gastritis with high acidity.Outside of the exacerbation of the pathology, you can eat peeled and grated cucumbers.Vegetables can be used to prepare not only soups, but also delicious purees, soufflés, side dishes, casseroles and casseroles.

Fruits, berries, melons.

List of “fruits” of what you can and cannot eat with gastritis,Includes the following fruits:

• Apples.For any heartburn, it is advisable to buy only sweet varieties and eat them without shells and seeds.Baked apples are considered a dietary dish: they contain a large amount of vitamins and pectins that improve digestion and improve health.
• Bananas.A universal product for any form of gastritis.However, in the acute phase you should not eat more than one banana a day: half in the morning and half at night.Only fruits with light yellow skin are suitable for consumption;Green and overripe bananas can cause a feeling of heaviness and discomfort in the stomach.
• Pears.They are considered a harmless and beneficial product for the digestive system.They normalize intestinal function and eliminate toxins.
• Watermelon and melon.In small quantities, melons can be included in the diet, but not early varieties.Only fruits sold at the end of August are suitable for food: they have fewer nitrates.
• Raspberry.You can consume it in moderate amounts in ground form;It is especially useful for reducing stomach acidity.Berries compensate for the lack of B vitamins and minerals.
• Sweet cherries are allowed for any type of stomach pathology.

All fresh berries and fruits contain acid, which can irritate the stomach lining.The following list includes the safest fruits.But it is better if they undergo heat treatment before including them in the diet.

With the berries you can prepare delicious fruit drinks, jellies and compotes, and bake pears and apples.There is an exception for pathologies with insufficient secretion: these patients can eat raw citrus, berries and fruits.To avoid fermentation, it is better to eat fruits separately from the first and second courses.

dairy and eggs

Dairy products should be included in the gastritis diet.Whole milk as an independent drink is consumed in moderation: it is difficult to break down and takes a long time to digest.It is best added to tea, porridge and soups.Goat milk will be useful for gastritis.It is believed that it can relieve inflammation of internal organs.

Cottage cheese also has a good effect.It is used to prepare stews, baked cheesecakes and meatballs.If you wish, you can eat fresh cottage cheese, just rub it through a fine sieve.

In minimal doses, it is allowed to consume hard, soft and unsalted cheese.Allowed products include fermented baked milk and sour cream, yogurt and low-fat acidophilus.

Eggs are used to make omelets, steamed, boiled, but not hard-boiled and no more than one egg a day.

flour and sweets

Crackers and stale white bread have a good effect on the gastric mucosa.The biscuits can be soaked in weak tea.Every other day, you can add sugar-free cookies without chocolate or sugar-free buns to your diet.You can eat pasta and noodles as a side dish.

Allowed sweets:

• Honey;
• Semolina puddings;
• Homemade sweet fruit jam;
• curd soufflé;
• Natural fruit jelly;
• Non-acidic nuts soaked in warm water.

Drinks

For gastritis, the following fruit and vegetable juices are allowed: sweet apples, cherries, pears, peaches, cabbages, tomatoes and potatoes.Juices should be diluted with cold water and drunk warm.

Rosehip decoction, green tea, weak black tea with milk, compote, still mineral water and gelatin are useful for stomach problems.

What not to do with gastritis

A properly structured diet for inflammation involves avoiding foods that irritate the walls of the stomach, complicate digestion and cause excessive fermentation.For any form of gastritis, the following is prohibited:

• Rye and freshly baked bread;
• French fries;
• All strong fatty broths;
• Okroshka;
• Classic borscht with tomatoes and fried;
• Fried dishes with meat and fish;
• Smoked meats, sausages and sausages;
• Types of fatty fish, including canned;
• Spicy salty hard cheeses;
• Glazed curd cheese;
• Sour cream and high-fat cream;
• Frozen;
• Cakes and pastries;
• Grapes and their juice;
• Cabbage;
• Turnips and radishes;
• Onions;
• All types of mushrooms;
• legumes;
• Swedish;
• Canned and pickled vegetables and pickles;

• Coffee – brewed and instant;
• Strongly brewed tea;
• Soda kvass and bread;
• Chocolates and chocolate sweets;
• Drinks with chicory;
• Alcohol;
• Nuts and seeds;
• Ginger and hot spices;
• All kinds of sauces, mayonnaise, mustard, horseradish.
• lard;
• Margarine, shortening and salted butter.

When preparing a diet, it is imperative to carry out diagnostics to determine the level of acidity and the secretory function of the stomach.With general dietary recommendations, nutrition for gastritis with high and low acidity can differ significantly.

Diet number 1

This is a diet for gastritis with high acidity.Its goal is to protect the mucous membrane from mechanical and chemical irritants.Foods that can stimulate the active production of gastric juice are excluded or limited.

Diet table No. 1 imposes a taboo on coarse, spicy foods, "juices", smoked foods and pickles.Dishes are best served pureed, steamed or boiled.Baking is allowed, but without crust.In addition to the prohibited items listed above, the list includes:

• Butter cakes, puff pastries;
• Millet porridge, corn, egg, pearl barley;
• Borscht, cabbage soup;
• Greens: garlic, sorrel and spinach;
• Sour, unripe, fiber-rich fruits and berries;
• Fried and hard-boiled eggs;
• Kefir and fermented baked milk;
• All types of citrus fruits.

The diet is complete, it includes the optimal amount of substances necessary for the normal functioning of human organs and systems and to improve the condition of the stomach.

Diet number 2

Developed for the diet of patients with hypoacid gastritis.This form of the disease is accompanied by a reduced secretory function of the stomach.The goal of the diet is to stimulate the secretion process, but at the same time protect the mucosa from mechanical irritants.Products that can cause fermentation processes in the stomach and intestines are prohibited, as are dishes that are difficult and take a long time to digest.Foods with a variety of chopped ingredients and different preparation methods are allowed: stewed, boiled, baked and moderately fried.Vegetables and fruits rich in fiber are grated.

What not to do with gastritis with low acidity:

• Pearl barley, millet, corn and barley porridge (limited);
• Soups with milk;
• First courses of peas and beans;
• Tough, fibrous meats and poultry;
• Salted and smoked fish;
• Raw and ungrated vegetables;
• Rough varieties of raw berries and fruits;
• Dates and figs;
• Sour cream, high acid dairy products - limited;
• Hard boiled eggs.

Diets are prescribed during the period of exacerbation of the disease.As inflammatory processes subside, they gradually switch to their usual but rational diet.Restrictions still apply to products that can cause exacerbation of pathology and heaviness in the stomach.

Gastritis is one of the few pathologies that can be treated with a well-designed diet.You must be patient, reconsider your lifestyle and pay more attention to your own health.