Diet is the most important component of gastritis treatment.Depending on some characteristics of the disease, for example, heartburn, as well as the presence of erosive, atrophic and other forms, the diet may vary in terms of what can and cannot be included in the menu.
If a person has an unbalanced diet, periodically drinks alcohol, smokes and is subject to intense and frequent stress, he will inevitably develop a pathology such as gastritis.This is a disease that leads to inflammation of the gastric mucosa, causing its integrity to be compromised.As a result, several unpleasant symptoms arise, the main of which is sharp pain in the upper abdomen.In addition, bloating, belching, nausea and vomiting appear, appetite decreases or completely disappears, which often leads to weight loss.Gastritis of the stomach occurs in different forms, including those that can be caused by an infectious environment, but in any case, successful treatment requires a healthy diet.You should not only change your diet, decide what you can and cannot eat, but also change the principles of nutrition itself, regulate it with a stable menu for the whole week, dividing the total amount of food into 5-6 meals.During an exacerbation, the diet should be tightened;In addition, there are some nuances if gastritis is characterized by high or low acidity.
What is possible and what is not allowed for gastritis?
The main differences in the diet will be determined by the level of acidity.Which indicator is determined for a particular patient during diagnosis before therapy.
Higher acidity
With increased acidity, which occurs more frequently, three basic principles should be followed:
- Mechanic.Defines the prohibition of fried foods;In addition, coarse fibers such as bran bread, rutabaga, turnips and meat rations are not allowed.
- chemical.He states that it is necessary to avoid foods that promote the secretion of hydrochloric acid necessary for the digestion process, for example, soft drinks, alcohol and citrus fruits.In addition, rich concentrated broths based on meat and fish are prohibited.
- Thermal.It consists of eating foods that have an optimal temperature, which is usually in the range of 16-55 degrees Celsius.If the food is hotter or colder, in gastritis this causes irritation of the esophagus, which leads to an increase in the duration of food absorption and, consequently, to increased stress on the stomach.
If the environment in the stomach is characterized by acidity, then low-fat types of fish and meat, fermented dairy products and eggs, which can be served in the form of an omelet or boiled, are suitable for nutrition.Additionally, the diet may contain peeled tomatoes, boiled zucchini, potatoes, etc.
Low acidity
A diet for gastritis with reduced acidity includes foods that promote greater release of enzymes that ensure digestion.To do this, it is also important to normalize the food intake procedure.This should be done slowly;It is important to spend at least half a minute chewing a portion of food, and the eating process should last at least half an hour.Significantly improves the secretion of hydrochloric acid when drinking slightly carbonated mineral water;You should drink 200 ml of this water each time before meals.Various fruits and vegetables are allowed, which must be consumed immediately after finishing the meal, since snacks are not allowed on the diet.Fruits and vegetables should be chosen light, based on the principle of absence of hard fibers.To further facilitate the digestion process, it is better to peel the fruits in advance and eat only the pulp.
Low acidity has some benefits compared to high acidity.A small amount of chocolate products, light soups and broths, river fish, mushrooms and lean meats, including rabbit and beef, are acceptable.Milk derivatives are allowed, but it is best to avoid milk itself.
What is not allowed?
If you have gastritis with a certain acidity you should not consume:
- Bake;
- chocolate products;
- Fried and spicy foods;
- alcoholic beverages;
- Foods rich in vegetable or animal fats;
- Vinegar.
How to eat during an exacerbation: menu for the week
In case of exacerbation, a compromise must be reached and the body receives all the necessary nutrients and microelements, but the diet is neutral and does not irritate the highly inflamed mucosa.In this situation, it is necessary to help digestion as much as possible so that it occurs very quickly.To do this, you should try to chop all the food as much as possible and only use boiling or steaming for cooking.
It is important to make the drawn up menu not only balanced and delicate, but also to strictly adhere to it, eating food at a strictly defined time every day.The intervals between doses cannot be more than three hours, otherwise the stomach will be emptied and the exacerbation will only intensify.It cannot be transmitted because it is plagued by gastric stagnation.At night, you should eat no later than three to four hours before bedtime.
Interestingly, during the exacerbation period, it is recommended to spend the first day on an empty stomach.However, it is still necessary to fill the stomach.To do this, you need to drink a lot of still water and weakly brewed tea.Any liquid you drink should be warm.From the second day onwards, liquid porridge and mashed potatoes with water are allowed.Additionally, hard-boiled eggs and non-concentrated soup with grated vegetables will be useful.When gastritis worsens, it is advisable to completely exclude foods rich in fat from the diet, since their breakdown is very slow.
Menu for the week
Monday and Wednesday:
- Oatmeal and compote breakfast;
- The second time you can have steamed cheesecakes for breakfast;
- Lunch consists of mashed potatoes, vegetable soup with breadcrumbs, boiled fish and compote;
- Snack: cookies with light tea;
- Dinner: side dish of pasta with steamed lean meat cutlets and light tea.
Tuesday, Thursday and Saturday:
- Breakfast consists of baked apples, cheesecakes and compote;
- The second time it is advisable to have breakfast with a glass of gelatin;
- It is necessary to have lunch with vegetable broth, steamed fish, gas mineral water;
- A snack of light unsweetened tea with white bread crackers is allowed;
- For dinner, cottage cheese and compote casserole.
Friday, Sunday:
- You should have breakfast with eggs boiled for 5-6 minutes, washed down with compote;
- During the second breakfast, eat cheesecakes with tea;
- Lunch of vegetable stew, grated potato soup, gelatin;
- Snack: a glass of kefir with crackers;
- Dinner should consist of boiled fish with porridge in water.
Diet number 1 for gastritis
Diet number 1 is considered quite strict.However, its use is a necessary measure, since the restoration of normal digestion and non-irritation of the gastric mucosa is very important in case of gastritis or if a person has an ulcer.This diet is prescribed after the exacerbation phase of the disease is over.Among the cooking methods, only boiling, steaming and baking can be used.It is extremely important to reduce the amount of salt consumed, since its presence negatively affects the state of the inner surface of the stomach;Additionally, salt slows down the elimination of water from the body.
Diet number 1 consists of dividing the entire daily diet into five or six small portions.The total amount of calories consumed cannot be more than 2000.
Among the main dishes that should be included in diet No. 1 are:
- Vegetable soup.The vegetable base can be replaced with noodles or rice;
- Lean meats and fish without veins and other elements that are difficult to digest;
- Bread products should be consumed yesterday, dry and also in the form of crackers.
In moderation, you can eat fermented dairy products, for example, cottage cheese, yogurt and skimmed milk.
It cannot be consumed with diet No.1:
- rye bread;
- Soups based on mushrooms and meat: you will have to give up okroshka, borscht and cabbage soup;
- Smoked products;
- Pickles;
- Fish and other canned foods.
Diet for erosive form.
Gastritis is called erosive when the action of the disease causes gastric erosion, called an ulcer.An ulcer is a more serious disease that can lead to very serious consequences, including, for example, peritonitis, when erosion of the wall gradually leads to a through hole, as a result of which the contents of the stomach enter the abdominal cavity.This situation is fraught with death without urgent surgical treatment.
The causes of erosion, along with the effect of Helicobacter Pylori infection, are exposure to excessively acidic substances or gastric juice.Therefore, in erosive gastritis, it is very important to eat well to slow down and reverse the process of ulcer formation.
Below are the principles on which the diet should be based if the patient suffers from erosive gastritis:
- The foods consumed should minimally irritate the gastric wall and avoid increased acidity;
- It is necessary to eat liquid, hot and puree foods continuously.At the same time, it is necessary to minimize the amount of fat and salt in the diet;
- Rejection of bad habits, spices, soda;
- Vegetables must be cooked using heat treatment;
- The emphasis in food should be on soups and cereals.
Diet and menu if the patient has atrophic gastritis.
The atrophic form is relatively difficult to diagnose, since it does not present symptoms in the initial phase of the pathology.Among the few signs of the disease, one can observe the presence of belching after fried and fatty foods, which smell very unpleasant.In addition, inevitable companions of atrophic gastritis are a state of general weakness, brittle legs and hair, and skin problems.
Atrophic gastritis imposes serious restrictions on the list of what is possible and what is not.In your diet you should avoid:
- Black bakery products; bakery products;
- Smoked dishes;
- Mushrooms in any form;
- Peas, beans;
- Canned food;
- Raw fruits and vegetables;
- Soft drinks, including mineral water;
- Milk.
Like other diets for gastritis, during the atrophic stage, cooking methods such as frying and smoking are completely prohibited.To make food ready for consumption, you can boil, steam, or bake it.
With atrophic gastritis, it is important to eat:
- Soups based on grated vegetables;
- Various porridges with water;
- Boiled lean meat, very finely chopped;
- Skimmed milk derivatives;
- hard-boiled eggs;
- Unleavened white bread, crackers;
- Heat-treated fruits and vegetables;
- Butter;
- For dessert, you can treat yourself to jam, jelly and mousse.